Heat the oven to 350°F.
Line a 9" x 13" baking pan with parchment paper, leaving enough paper to overhang both long edges. Lightly spray the pan and paper with cooking spray.
Combine the buttermilk and lemon juice in a small jug and set aside while you prepare the rest of the ingredients.
In a large bowl, whisk the dry ingredients together (flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt).
In a separate large bowl or the bowl of a stand mixer, pour in the sugar and add the lemon zest. Use a fork to mix the zest and sugar for a minute so the zest releases its oils and the sugar is scented with lemon.
Add the softened butter to the bowl and use the electric mixer or stand mixer to paddle the sugar and butter together until it is light and fluffy. This will take about 5-7 minutes.
Add the eggs one at a time and continue to mix until each one is incorporated before adding the next one.
Reduce the mixer speed to low and add ⅓ of the flour and then ½ of the buttermilk mixture. Repeat and end with the final ⅓ of flour. Mix until just combined. Be careful not to overmix.
Toss the blueberries in 1 tablespoon of flour and gently fold into the cake batter.
Pour the batter into the prepared pan and bake on the middle rack of the oven for 35-40 minutes.
The cake is ready when the top is golden brown and a toothpick inserted into the centre of the cake comes out clean.